Bài 1.32 trang 41 SGK Toán 11 tập 1 - Cùng khám phá

Đề bài

Biết \(\sin \alpha  =  - \frac{1}{6}\) và \(\pi  < \alpha  < \frac{{3\pi }}{2}\), tính:

a) \(\sin \left( {\alpha  - \frac{\pi }{3}} \right);\)

b) \(\cos 2\alpha ;\)

c) \(\tan \left( {\frac{\pi }{4} - \alpha } \right);\)

d) \(\cos \left( {\frac{\alpha }{2}} \right).\)

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Lời giải chi tiết

\(\begin{array}{l}{\cos ^2}\alpha  = 1 - {\sin ^2}\alpha  = \frac{{35}}{{36}}\\ \Rightarrow \cos \alpha  =  - \frac{{\sqrt {35} }}{6}\\ \Rightarrow \tan \alpha  = \frac{{\sin \alpha }}{{\cos \alpha }} = \frac{1}{{\sqrt {35} }}\end{array}\)

a) \(\sin \left( {\alpha  - \frac{\pi }{3}} \right) = \sin \alpha \cos \frac{\pi }{3} - \cos \alpha \sin \frac{\pi }{3} =  - \frac{1}{6}.\frac{1}{2} - \left( { - \frac{{\sqrt {35} }}{6}} \right).\frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{2} = \frac{{\sqrt {105}  - 1}}{{12}}\)

b) \(\cos 2\alpha  = {\cos ^2}\alpha  - {\sin ^2}\alpha  = \frac{{35}}{{36}} - {\left( { - \frac{1}{6}} \right)^2} = \frac{{17}}{{18}}\)

c) \(\tan \left( {\frac{\pi }{4} - \alpha } \right) = \frac{{\tan \frac{\pi }{4} - \tan \alpha }}{{1 + \tan \frac{\pi }{4}\tan \alpha }} = \frac{{1 - \frac{1}{{\sqrt {35} }}}}{{1 + \frac{1}{{\sqrt {35} }}}} = \frac{{18 - \sqrt {35} }}{{17}}\)

d) \({\cos ^2}\left( {\frac{\alpha }{2}} \right) = \frac{{\cos \alpha  + 1}}{2} = \frac{{ - \frac{{\sqrt {35} }}{6} + 1}}{2} = \frac{{6 - \sqrt {35} }}{{12}}\)

Mà \(\frac{\pi }{2} < \frac{\alpha }{2} < \frac{{3\pi }}{4}\)\( \Rightarrow \cos \left( {\frac{\alpha }{2}} \right) =  - \sqrt {\frac{{6 - \sqrt {35} }}{{12}}} \)