Tiếng Anh 10 Grammar Builder – Unit 2

Bài 1

2B. Past continuous (Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn)

1. Complete the sentences. Use the past continuous form of the verbs in brackets.

(Hoàn thành các câu sau. Dùng các dạng quá khứ tiếp diễn của các động từ trong ngoặc.)

1. At eight o'clock yesterday evening, Josh _____ (text) his girlfriend.

2. 'Why _____ they _____ (laugh) at me?'

3. You _____ (not pay) attention while I _____ (speak), were you?

4. Dave _____ (walk) down the street, _____ (eat) a sandwich.

5. Emma _____ (watch) TV and Lisa _____ (read) a magazine.

6. At midnight, Wendy _____ still _____ (do) her homework.

Lời giải chi tiết:

1. was texting	2. were … laughing	3. weren’t paying – was speaking
4. was walking, eating	5. was watching, was reading	6. was doing

1. At eight o'clock yesterday evening, Josh was texting (text) his girlfriend.

(John đã nhắn tin với bạn gái của anh ấy vào 8 giờ tối hôm qua.)

2. 'Why were they laughing (laugh) at me?'

(Sao mọi người lại cười tôi thế?)

3. You weren’t paying (not pay) attention while I was speaking (speak), were you?

(Cậu không chú ý trong lúc tôi đang nói, đúng không?)

4. Dave was walking (walk) down the street, eating (eat) a sandwich.

(Dave đang đi xuống đường, ăn bánh mì kẹp thịt.)

5. Emma was watching (watch) TV and Lisa was reading (read) a magazine.

(Emma đang xem TV và Lisa đang đọc tạp chí.)

6. At midnight, Wendy was still doing (do) her homework.

(Wendy vẫn đang làm bài tập vào nửa đêm.)

Bài 2

2. Complete the text with the past continuous form of the verbs below.

(Hoàn thành đoạn văn với dạng quá khứ tiếp diễn của các động từ bên dưới.)

get   make   put   shine   sing   talk

It was a beautiful morning. The sun (1) _____ and the birds (2) _____. We (3) _____ ready to go to the beach. Dad (4) _____ our bags in the car and Mum and Tom (5) _____ sandwiches in the kitchen. I (6) _____ to my friend on the phone.

Lời giải chi tiết:

1. was shining

2. were singing

3. were getting

4. was putting

5. were talking

6. was talking

It was a beautiful morning. The sun (1) was shining and the birds (2) were singing. We (3) were getting ready to go to the beach. Dad (4) was putting our bags in the car and Mum and Tom (5) were making sandwiches in the kitchen. I (6) was talking to my friend on the phone.

(Đó là một buổi sáng tươi đẹp. Trời nắng và những chú chim đang hót. Chúng tôi đang chuẩn bị ra biển. Bố đang chất các vali lên xe và Mẹ và Tom thì đang làm bánh mì kẹp trong bếp. Tôi đang nói chuyện điện thoại với bạn.)

Bài 3

3. Complete the dialogue with the past continuous form of the verbs in brackets.

(Hoàn thành đoạn hội thoại với dạng quá khứ tiếp diễn của các động từ bên dưới.)

Policeman: What (1) _____ (you / do) at 9 o'clock yesterday evening? 

Woman: I (2) _____ (watch) TV in the living room. 

Policeman: What (3) _____ (you /watch)? 

Woman: Er … I can't remember. I (4) _____ (not pay) attention. I was sleepy. 

Policeman: What (5) _____ (your husband / do) at that time? 

Woman: He (6) _____ (make) chicken pie in the kitchen. 

Policeman: How do you know? 

Woman: Because our dog (7) _____ (go crazy). He loves the smell of chicken!

Lời giải chi tiết:

1. were you doing	2. were watching	3. were … watching	4. wasn’t paying
5. was your husband doing	6. was making	7. was going

Policeman: What (1) were you doing at 9 o'clock yesterday evening? 

Woman: I (2) were watching TV in the living room. 

Policeman: What (3) were you watching? 

Woman: Er … I can't remember. I (4) wasn’t paying attention. I was sleepy. 

Policeman: What (5) was your husband doing at that time? 

Woman: He (6) was making chicken pie in the kitchen. 

Policeman: How do you know? 

Woman: Because our dog (7) was going crazy. He loves the smell of chicken!

Tạm dịch:

Cảnh sát: Tối hôm qua chị làm gì vào 9 giờ vậy?

Người phụ nữ: Lúc đó tôi đang xem phim ở phòng khách?

Policeman: Chị đã xem gì thế?

Woman: Um… tôi không nhớ nữa. Tôi không chú ý lắm, tôi đang buồn ngủ. 

Policeman: Chồng chị đang làm gì vào lúc đó?

Woman: Anh ấy đang làm bánh gà trong bếp. 

Policeman: Sao chị biết? 

Woman: Vì con chó của chúng tôi nhảy cẫng lên. Nó rất thích mùi thịt gà!

Bài 4

4. What were you doing last Saturday at these times? Write sentences.

(Bạn đã làm gì vào thứ Bảy tuần trước ở những thời điểm này? Viết câu.)

1. 7 a.m.

2. 10 a.m.

3. 1 p.m.

4. 6 p.m.

5. 9 p.m.

6. 11.30 p.m.

Lời giải chi tiết:

1. I was having a shower at 7 a.m last Saturday.

(Tôi đã đi tắm lúc 7 giờ sáng Thứ Bảy tuần trước.)

2. I was watching my favourite comedy show at 10 a.m last Saturday.

(Tôi đã xem chương trình hài kịch yêu thích của tôi lúc 10 giờ sáng Thứ Bảy tuần trước.)

3. I was joining my English online class at 1 p.m last Saturday.

(Tôi đã tham gia lớp học tiếng Anh trực tuyến lúc 1 giờ chiều Thứ Bảy tuần trước.)

4. I was having dinner at 6 p.m last Saturday.

(Tôi đã ăn tối lúc 6 giờ chiều Thứ Bảy tuần trước.)

5. I was finishing my homework 9 p.m last Saturday.

(Tôi đã hoàn thành bài tập về nhà lúc 9 giờ tối Thứ Bảy tuần trước.)

6. I was watching Tiktok at 11.30 p.m last Saturday.

(Tôi đã xem Tiktok lúc 11h30 tối thứ Bảy tuần trước.)

Bài 5

2D. Contrast: past simple and past continuous (So sánh: Quá khứ đơn và quá khứ tiếp diễn)

5. Complete the sentences with the past simple or past continuous form of the verbs in brackets.

(Hoàn thành các câu sau với dạng quá khứ đơn hoặc quá khứ tiếp diễn đúng của các động từ trong ngoặc.)

1. When Molly _____ (drop) her phone on the floor, it _____ (break).

2. When my parents _____ (get) home, they _____ (find) a mouse in the kitchen.

3. Martin _____ (not hear) the phone because he _____ (have) a shower.

4. At 8 p.m. last night, I _____ (sit) at my desk but I _____ (not work).

5. When I _____ (see) Ben and Tia, they _____ (sit) on a bench, _____ (laugh) and _____ (chat).

6. It was a warm afternoon, but the sun _____ (not shine)

7. While we _____ (take) my grandmother to hospital, our car _____ (break down).

8. I _____ (lose) my watch while we ______ (play) volleyball in the park.

Lời giải chi tiết:

1. dropped, broke	2. got, found	3. didn’t hear, was having	4. was sitting, wasn’t working
5. saw, were sitting, laughing, chatting	6. wasn’t shining	7. were taking, broke down	8. lost, were playing

1. When Molly dropped (drop) her phone on the floor, it broke (break).

(Khi Molly làm rớt điện thoại xuống sàn, nó bể.)

2. When my parents got (get) home, they found (find) a mouse in the kitchen.

(Khi bố mẹ tôi về đến nhà, họ tìm thấy một con chuột trong bếp.)

3. Martin didn’t hear (not hear) the phone because he was having (have) a shower.

(Martin không nghe thấy tiếng điện thoại vì anh ấy đang tắm.)

4. At 8 p.m. last night, I was sitting (sit) at my desk but I wasn’t working (not work).

(Vào 8h tối hôm qua, tôi ngồi trên bàn làm việc nhưng không làm.)

5. When I saw (see) Ben and Tia, they were sitting (sit) on a bench, laughing (laugh) and chatting (chat).

(Khi tôi thấy Ben và Tia, họ đang ngồi trên ghế đá, cười nói với nhau.)

6. It was a warm afternoon, but the sun wasn’t shining (not shine).

(Đó là một buổi chiều ấm áp, nhưng không có nắng.)

7. While we were taking (take) my grandmother to hospital, our car broke down (break down).

(Khi mà chúng tôi đang đưa bà đến bệnh viện, xe hơi của chúng tôi bị hỏng.)

8. I lost (lose) my watch while we were playing (play) volleyball in the park.

(Tôi làm mất đồng hồ khi chúng tôi đang chơi bóng chuyền trong công viên.)

Bài 6

6. Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first.

(Hoàn thành câu thứ hai để có nghĩa giống câu đầu tiên.)

1. While we were having dinner, my dad arrived home.

We _____ when my dad _____.

2. I was trying to sleep when the phone rang. 

The _____ while I _____.

3. She was climbing up some rocks when she fell.

As she _____, she _____.

4. While you were shopping, I tidied your room

You _____ when _____.

5. The boat hit some rocks as it was sailing towards the shore.

The boat was _____ when it ______.

Lời giải chi tiết:

1. We were having dinner when my dad arrived home.

(Chúng tôi đang ăn tối khi bố về nhà.)

2. The phone rang while I was trying to sleep.

(Điện thoại reo khi tôi đang cố gắng ngủ.)

3. As she was climbing up some rocks, she fell.

(Cô ấy ngã khi đang trèo lên tảng đá.)

4. You were shopping when I tidied your room.

(Tôi đã chọn phòng cho cậu khi cậu đi mua sắm.)

5. The boat was sailing towards the shore when it hit some rocks.

(Con tàu đang bơi qua bờ biển khi nó va phải những tảng đá.)

Bài 7

7. Complete the text with the past simple or past continuous form of the verbs in brackets.

(Hoàn thành đoạn văn với dạng đúng quá khứ đơn hoặc quá khứ tiếp diễn cho các động từ trong ngoặc.)

It was past midnight when Helen (1) _____ (arrive) home. She (2) _____ (close) the door quietly because her parents (3) _____ (sleep) upstairs. As she (4) _____ (take off) her coat, she (5) _____ (see) a letter on the floor with her name on it. She (6) _____ (open) the letter and (7) _____ (read) it. Then she (8) _____ (put) it in her pocket, (9) _____ (pick up) her coat and (10) _____ (go) out again. It (11) _____ (be) a cold night but it (12) _____ (not rain). A few people (13) _____ (walk) towards the High Street, so Helen (14) _____ (cross) the road and _____ (follow) them. She (16) _____ (not know) where they (17) _____ (go) - but she (18) _____ (not want) to be alone.

Lời giải chi tiết:

1. arrived	2. closed	3. were sleeping	4. took off	5. saw	6. opened
7. read	8. put	9. picked up	10. went	11. was	12. wasn’t raining
13. were walking	14. crossed	15. followed	16. didn’t know	17. were going	18. didn’t want

It was past midnight when Helen (1) arrived home. She (2) closed the door quietly because her parents (3) were sleeping upstairs. As she (4) took off her coat, she (5) saw a letter on the floor with her name on it. She (6) opened the letter and (7) read it. Then she (8) put it in her pocket, (9) picked up her coat and (10) went out again. It (11) was a cold night but it (12) wasn’t raining. A few people (13) were walking towards the High Street, so Helen (14) crossed the road and followed them. She (16) didn’t know where they (17) were going - but she (18) didn’t want to be alone.

(Khi Helen về đến nhà thì đã quá nửa đêm rồi. Cô đóng cửa thật nhẹ nhàng vì bố mẹ cô đang ngủ trên lầu. Khi cô cởi áo khoác ra. Cô thấy một bức thư trên sàn nhà với tên cô trên đó. Cô ấy mở thư ra và đọc nó. Sau đó cô bỏ nó vào túi, nhặt cái áo khoác và đi ra ngoài. Đó là một đêm lạnh nhưng không mưa. Có vài người đang đi bộ dọc đường High, nên Helen băng qua đường và đi theo họ. Cô ấy không biết họ đang đi đâu – nhưng cô ấy không muốn đi một mình.)