Bài 2 trang 40 SGK Toán 11 tập 1 - Cánh diều

Đề bài

Giải phương trình

a)     $\sin \left( {2x + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \sin x$

b)     $\sin 2x = \cos 3x$

c)     ${\cos ^2}2x = {\cos ^2}\left( {x + \frac{\pi }{6}} \right)$

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Lời giải chi tiết

a)

$\sin \left( {2x + \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \sin x \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}2x + \frac{\pi }{4} = x + k2\pi \\2x + \frac{\pi }{4} = \pi  - x + k2\pi \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x =  - \frac{\pi }{4} + k2\pi \\3x = \pi  - \frac{\pi }{4} + k2\pi \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x =  - \frac{\pi }{4} + k2\pi \\x = \frac{\pi }{4} + \frac{{k2\pi }}{3}\end{array} \right.;k \in Z$

b)

$\begin{array}{l}\sin 2x = \cos 3x\\ \Leftrightarrow \cos 3x = \cos \left( {\frac{\pi }{2} - 2x} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}3x = \frac{\pi }{2} - 2x + k2\pi \\3x =  - \left( {\frac{\pi }{2} - 2x} \right) + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}5x = \frac{\pi }{2} + k2\pi \\x =  - \frac{\pi }{2} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{\pi }{{10}} + \frac{{k2\pi }}{5}\\x =  - \frac{\pi }{2} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\end{array}$

c)

$\begin{array}{l}{\cos ^2}2x = {\cos ^2}\left( {x + \frac{\pi }{6}} \right)\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}\cos 2x = \cos \left( {x + \frac{\pi }{6}} \right)\\\cos 2x =  - \cos \left( {x + \frac{\pi }{6}} \right)\end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}\cos 2x = \cos \left( {x + \frac{\pi }{6}} \right)\\\cos 2x = \cos \left( {\pi  - \left( {x + \frac{\pi }{6}} \right)} \right)\end{array} \right.\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}\cos 2x = \cos \left( {x + \frac{\pi }{6}} \right)\\\cos 2x = \cos \left( {\frac{{5\pi }}{6} - x} \right)\end{array} \right.\end{array}$

Với $\cos 2x = \cos \left( {x + \frac{\pi }{6}} \right) \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}2x =  - \left( {x + \frac{\pi }{6}} \right) + k2\pi \\2x = x + \frac{\pi }{6} + k2\pi \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}3x =  - \frac{\pi }{6} + k2\pi \\x = \frac{\pi }{6} + k2\pi \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x =  - \frac{\pi }{{18}} + \frac{{k2\pi }}{3}\\x = \frac{\pi }{6} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.$

Với $\cos 2x = \cos \left( {\frac{{5\pi }}{6} - x} \right) \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}2x = \frac{{5\pi }}{6} - x + k2\pi \\2x =  - \left( {\frac{{5\pi }}{6} - x} \right) + k2\pi \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}3x = \frac{{5\pi }}{6} + k2\pi \\x =  - \frac{{5\pi }}{6} + k2\pi \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}x = \frac{{5\pi }}{{18}} + \frac{{k2\pi }}{3}\\x =  - \frac{{5\pi }}{6} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.$