1. Read the text and put a tick (✓) or cross (x) in the box next to the pictures to show the appropriate behaviour in different cultures.

(Đọc văn bản và đánh dấu ✓ hoặc x vào ô bên cạnh các bức tranh để thể hiện hành vi phù hợp ở các nền văn hóa khác nhau.)

Culture SHOCK

Culture shock refers to feelings of confusion or anxiety that people may have when experiencing a new and different culture. Culture shock can be caused by language barriers, unfamiliar lifestyles, different climate, or strange food. For example, visitors to the US find it hard to get used to the local tipping culture. By contrast, tipping in Japan can be considered rude and even insulting in many situations.

The best way to overcome culture shock is to start learning about the new culture before moving there. You should try to focus on the positive aspects of your new experiences and keep an open mind. Learning about cultural diversity helps understand different ways of thinking about the world, gain new knowledge and experiences, and promote personal growth.

Research says that almost two-thirds to three-quarters of the world drive on the right, while only one-third to a quarter of the world drive on the left including the UK and Australia. Or you may find out that things that you're used to are banned in another country, In Singapore, for example, the sale of chewing gum is illegal and Singaporeans take this law very seriously. So always remember that culture shock is not a bad experience, but the beginning of an exciting learning journey to cultural diversity.

In cross-cultural marriage, _______ may happen

According to the passage, which of the following is not affected by culture?

According to the writer, cross-cultural marriage _________.

The word “It” refers to _________.

The passage is about _________.

At the International Cultural Festival

(Ở Lễ hội Văn hóa Quốc tế)

1. Listen and read.

(Nghe và đọc.)

Nam: OK, we've arrived at the International Cultural Festival! It's a very popular event in Ha Noi. It brings cultures from all over the world to one location!

Mai: Yes, it's a way to learn about cultural diversity, particularly by tasting food from different countries.

Linda: I'd really love to try Korean kimchi or traditional Japanese sushi. Japanese cuisine is world-famous, as well as very healthy!

Mai: Can you show us around, Nam?

Nam: Sure. Let's go to the Korean booth to try some kimchi and spicy rice cakes, called tteokbokki. I also heard that a famous K-pop group will be at their booth.

Linda: That'll be amazing! I might meet my favourite group there and get their autographs.

Mai: Well, I'm not really interested in K-pop. Can we first go to the British booth? I'd love to try some fish and chips.

Nam: The British booth is on the corner. They serve delicious British dishes and sell souvenirs of famous tourist attractions in Britain.

Linda: But where's the Vietnamese booth?

Nam: I can see it on the map. It's an open booth and it looks huge! Visitors can play Vietnamese traditional games such as tug of war and bamboo dancing.

Linda: They all sound fun. I'll try to join all of them if I can.

Nam: And we can also have spring rolls and bun cha - grilled pork meatballs with noodles, which is probably Ha Noi's most popular dish.

Linda: I suggest that we go to the Vietnamese booth first. I love Vietnamese spring rolls and would like to try bun cha.

Mai: Great. That's a nice idea.

2. Read the conversation again and complete the table. Use no more than THREE words for each blank.

(Đọc lại đoạn hội thoại và hoàn thành bảng. Sử dụng không quá BA từ cho mỗi chỗ trống.)

3. Find words and a phrase in 1 that have the same or similar meaning to the following words and phrases.

(Tìm từ và cụm từ trong bài 1 có nghĩa giống hoặc tương tự với các từ và cụm từ sau.)

1. variety                     

2. a style of cooking  

3. tasty  

4. interesting places 

2. Read the article and match each section (A-C) with a heading (1-5). There are TWO extra headings.

(Đọc bài viết và nối mỗi phần (A-C) với một tiêu đề (1-5). Có HAI tiêu đề dư.)

The effects of globalisation on cultural diversity

As a result of globalisation, the world is becoming more and more connected. This has changed people's way of life, beliefs, art and customs, or their culture, in many respects. Although people's experiences around the world have become very similar, globalisation has also encouraged cultural diversity. Below are some examples.

A. _________

Fast food chains and international restaurants have become popular, offering a wide range of dishes and more food choices to local people. For example, here in Viet Nam, we can enjoy Italian pizza or Japanese sushi, in addition to our traditional food. Moreover, some international dishes use local ingredients, which make them unique and more suitable to local tastes. On the other hand, Vietnamese specialties, such as pho and banh mi, are also gaining popularity worldwide.

B. _________

Thanks to globalisation, people can quickly discover new music from all over the world. People nowadays enjoy listening to music from different countries and cultures, and in different languages. For example, American teens are captivated by K-pop music and dance. There are also many music festivals around the globe that bring artists and music fans together. In today's connected world, it is very common for musicians across the world to work on music projects and share ideas together.

C. _________

Globalisation has also impacted fashion by opening it up to a variety of styles and influences from around the world. Cross-cultural styles that blend both traditional and modern elements are on the rise. This presents opportunities for fashion designers to be creative and reflect the cultural richness of the world. It is now easier for people to keep up with fashion trends from different cultures and regions, and express their identities in new and exciting ways.

In conclusion, globalisation has helped strengthen cultural diversity in the world and made people appreciate different cultures and lifestyles.

1. Discovering K-pop music (Khám phá âm nhạc K-pop)

2. Blending fashion styles (Pha trộn phong cách thời trang)

3. Fast food popularity (Sự phổ biến của thức ăn nhanh)

4. No borders for music (Âm nhạc không biên giới)

5. Variety of cuisines (Ẩm thực đa dạng)

3. Read the article again and choose the correct answer A, B, or C.

(Đọc lại bài viết và chọn câu trả lời đúng A, B hoặc C.)

1. How has globalisation affected people's eating habits?

A. It has decreased the popularity of traditional food.

B. It has limited people's food choices to local dishes.

C. Local people are trying new cuisines.

2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as something that local people can try in Viet Nam?

A. Dishes from other cultures using ingredients grown in Viet Nam.

B. Traditional dishes using international ingredients.

C. A Japanese dish of cooked rice and raw fish.

3. What can be inferred from the passage about music?

A. Music has connected people across cultures.

B. Teens around the world love listening to K-pop music.

C. It is easier to organise music festivals.

4. How has globalisation affected fashion?

A. It has introduced more traditional elements in fashion design.

B. It has promoted the exchange of fashion ideas and styles from around the world.

C. It has made it easier for people to create their own clothes.

5. What is the purpose of the article?

A. To discuss the positive impacts of globalisation on cultures.

B. To introduce features of new cultures to readers.

C. To explain how globalisation can help people have the same experiences.

7 Listen and check the answers to the quiz. Are you surprised by any of the customs and taboos?

(Nghe và kiểm tra câu trả lời của bài kiểm tra. Bạn có ngạc nhiên về những phong tục và điều cấm kỵ nào không?)

2 Read the text. Which is the best piece of advice in your opinion? Why?

(Đọc văn bản. Theo bạn, lời khuyên nào là tốt nhất? Tại sao?)

Going travelling? Read our tips and you should fit right in.

Travelling can be lonely, so pack some favourite photos or music. You ought to plan to keep in touch with friends and family regularly too.

You can't learn everything about where you're visiting, but you may find it helps to read about the history and culture - especially in regards to local customs, so you understand what you're supposed to do (and what you're not supposed to do) in different circumstances.

Explore the shops and restaurants and try the local food - you might love it!

You don't have to be fluent but you must try to learn some key phrases or do a language course before you go. You'll be able to find a wide variety of online language courses so there must be one in the language you need.

You mustn't disregard local laws and regulations. Make sure to abide by them.

2 Read the email and the Learn this! box. Find examples of American English in the email.

(Đọc email và khung Learn this! Tìm ví dụ về tiếng Anh Mỹ trong email.)

Hey Sam! Can't wait for you to arrive! I've organised your accommodation - you'll be staying with a neighbor of mine. He's from Mexico, so you'll be able to practice your Spanish while you're on vacation. Public transportation's pretty good here, and I live near the subway, but bring your driver's license anyhow. Maybe we could take a trip out to the theater one evening? Anyway, I'll meet you at the airport on Saturday. New York's beautiful in the fall, so I know we'll have a great time, even if we just play soccer in the yard!

2 Read the extract from The Kite Runner. Which cover do you think matches the extract the best? Why?

(Đọc đoạn trích từ Người Đua Diều. Bạn nghĩ bìa nào phù hợp với trích đoạn nhất? Tại sao?)

THE KITE RUNNER

Ali and Baba grew up together as childhood playmates just like Hassan and I grew up a generation later. Baba was always telling us about their mischiefs he and Ali used to cause. But in none of his stories did Baba ever refer to Ali as his friend.

The curious thing was, I never thought of Hassan and me as friends either. ¹ _____ Never mind that we taught each other to ride a bicycle with no hands, or to build a fully functional homemade camera out of a cardboard box. Never mind that we spent entire winters flying kites, running kites. Never mind that to me, the face of Afghanistan is that of a boy with a thin-boned frame, a shaved head, and low-set ears, a boy with a Chinese doll face perpetually lit by a harelipped smile.

Never mind any of those things. ² _____ Neither is religion. In the end, I was a Pashtun and he was a Hazara, I was Sunni and he was Shi'a, and nothing was ever going to change that. Nothing.

We saw our first Western together, Rio Bravo with John Wayne, at the Cinema Park. I remember begging Baba to take us to Iran so we could meet John Wayne. Baba burst out in gales of his deep-throated laughter and then explained to us the concept of voice dubbing. ³ _____ John Wayne didn't really speak Farsi and he wasn't Iranian! He was American, just like the friendly, long-haired men and women we always saw hanging around in Kabul, dressed in their tattered, brightly colored shirts.

During the school year, we had a daily routine. By the time I dragged myself out of bed and lumbered to the- bathroom, Hassan had already washed up, prayed the morning namaz with Ali, and prepared my breakfast. While I ate and complained about homework, Hassan made my bed, polished my shoes, ironed my outfit for the day, packed my books and pencils. ⁴ _____

(Adapted from The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini)

3 Read the text again. What is it about?

(Đọc văn bản một lần nữa. Nó nói về cái gì vậy?)

1 Afghan cinema

2 Growing up in Afghanistan

3 The different social classes in Afghanistan

Reading Strategy

• When you do a gapped text, first read the text quickly to find out what it is about.

• Then read the text more carefully and think about what information is missing in each gap.

• Look at the parts of the text before and after each gap to find words or information that link it to one of the missing sentences.

• Pay attention to vocabulary and grammar structures which may also provide ideas.

• Make sure the remaining sentence doesn't match any of the gaps.

Tạm dịch

Chiến lược đọc

• Khi bạn viết một đoạn văn có chỗ trống, trước tiên hãy đọc nhanh đoạn văn đó để tìm hiểu xem nội dung đó nói về điều gì.

• Sau đó đọc bài viết cẩn thận hơn và suy nghĩ xem thông tin nào còn thiếu ở mỗi chỗ trống.

• Nhìn vào các phần của văn bản trước và sau mỗi chỗ trống để tìm từ hoặc thông tin liên kết nó với một trong những câu còn thiếu.

• Chú ý đến các cấu trúc từ vựng và ngữ pháp vì chúng cũng có thể cung cấp ý tưởng.

• Đảm bảo câu còn lại không khớp với bất kỳ chỗ trống nào.

4 Read the Reading Strategy. Match the missing sentences (A-E) with the gaps (1-4). There is one extra sentence.

(Đọc Chiến lược đọc. Nối các câu còn thiếu (A-E) với chỗ trống (1-4). Có một câu bị thừa.)

A Hassan and I were stunned. Dazed.

B I'd hear him singing to himself in the foyer as he ironed, singing old Hazara songs in his nasal voice.

C Not in the usual sense, anyhow.

D We had been close friends since childhood.

E Because history isn't easy to overcome.

5 Match (1-5) with (A-E) to make sentences about the extract.

1 The narrator and Hassan had a childhood that

2 The narrator doesn't think that he and Hassan

3 Certain cultural and social factors couldn't change the fact that the boys

4 Baba laughed a lot because the boys

5 In the last paragraph, we discover the narrator and Hassan

A had spent their childhood together.

B had a typical friendship.

C had different daily experiences.

D were confused about an actor's nationality.

E was similar to Ali and Baba's.

3 Read the task below and then listen to a student doing the task. Does she agree with your ideas from exercise 2?

(Đọc nhiệm vụ dưới đây và sau đó lắng nghe một học sinh làm nhiệm vụ. Cô ấy có đồng ý với ý kiến của bạn ở bài tập 2 không?)

Look at the photos. Then talk for about one minute about how people in your country celebrate special occasions which involve the family. Use the prompts below to help you.

• Does food play a part in the celebration?

• Do people usually give or receive gifts and/or cards?

• Are there any interesting or unusual traditions linked to these celebrations?

(Nhìn vào những bức ảnh. Sau đó nói khoảng một phút về cách người dân ở nước bạn kỷ niệm những dịp đặc biệt có sự tham gia của gia đình. Sử dụng lời nhắc dưới đây để giúp bạn.

• Thức ăn có đóng vai trò gì trong buổi lễ không?

• Mọi người có thường xuyên tặng hoặc nhận quà và/hoặc thiệp không?

• Có truyền thống thú vị hoặc khác thường nào liên quan đến những lễ kỷ niệm này không?)

2 Read the task and find the two elements that you are required to include in your blog post.

(Đọc nhiệm vụ và tìm hai yếu tố mà bạn được yêu cầu đưa vào bài đăng trên blog của mình.)

Your local newspaper published an article suggesting that a local festival should no longer take place. Write a blog post outlining the advantages of the festival and describing a personal experience of it.

(Tờ báo địa phương của bạn đã đăng một bài báo gợi ý rằng lễ hội địa phương không nên diễn ra nữa. Viết một bài blog nêu ra những lợi ích của lễ hội và mô tả trải nghiệm cá nhân về nó.)

2 You are going to read an article about Cải Lương, a traditional Vietnamese theatrical art form. Match the headings (A-G) with paragraphs (1-5). There are two extra headings.

(Bạn sắp đọc một bài viết về Cải Lương, một loại hình nghệ thuật sân khấu truyền thống của Việt Nam. Nối các tiêu đề (A-G) với các đoạn văn (1-5). Có hai tiêu đề bị thừa.)

A The Development of Cải Lương

B The pioneers

C The early days

D A Vibrant Fusion of Arts

E The Future of Cải Lương

F Viet Nam's rich heritage

G The instrumental ensemble

1

Cải Lương, a form of traditional Vietnamese theatre, emerged around the 1910s and gained popularity among the communities in the south, especially in the Mekong Delta region. In the early years, Cải Lương performances were held in makeshift theatres or open-air spaces, and the plays were often performed by itinerant troupes. Just like a Western circus, they travelled together from place to place, with their families. The children grew up under the influence of parents, aunts and uncles and became actors and actresses when they were kids.

2

Cải Lương uses a combination of music, singing, acting, and dance to depict a wide range of themes and stories. These include historical events, folklore, legends, and contemporary social issues. The performances are characterised by vibrant costumes, bold makeup, and expressive gestures. With its diverse repertoire, Cai Luong offers a reflection on Vietnamese culture, history, values, and societal concerns.

3

The distinctive music in Cải Lương is created by the combination of a variety of instruments. They include the dan tranh, a 16-stringed zither with movable bridges, the đàn nguyệt, a two-stringed moon-shaped lute, the dàn cò, a two-stringed fiddle, and a bamboo flute. These instruments produce a melodic and unique sound that complements the storytelling and singing in Cải Lương.

4

Cải Lương owes its development to numerous talented individuals who have contributed their skills and creativity over the years. Prominent figures like Bay Nam, Phùng Há and Út Trà Ôn, together with others, played crucial roles in shaping and popularising Cải Lương. Through their dedication and artistry, they elevated Cải Lương to become a cherished cultural tradition in Viet Nam. Their contributions continue to inspire generations of performers and ensure the preservation of this rich theatrical heritage.

5 At present, Cải Lương faces concerns about its future due to the declining interest among younger generations and the influence of modern entertainment. However, efforts to raise awareness, engage new audiences, and adapt to new tastes may safeguard the sustainability of Cải Lương in the years to come.

3 Read the text again. Choose the correct answers (a–c).

(Đọc lại văn bản. Chọn câu trả lời đúng (a–c).)

1 Cải Lương

a has gained popularity among young audiences.

b offers a depiction of Vietnamese history and culture.

c is influenced by other Western art forms.

2 The children of Cải Lương performers

a started acting at a very young age.

b did not want to pursue their parents' career.

c enjoyed modern entertainment.

3 Cải Lương owes its development to

a the audience in southern Viet Nam.

b the preservation of this rich heritage.

c the contributions of eminent figures over the years.

4 There is growing concern that

a Cải Lương will lose its identity.

b younger generations will lose interest in Cải Lương.

c young Cải Lương performers will not be talented.

Read the text and choose the best answers (A-D).

(Đọc đoạn văn và chọn câu trả lời đúng nhất (A-D).)

Mardi Gras: a party to remember

Mardi Gras. Two little words that describe a centuries-old celebration which originated in Medieval Europe. It is the name given to the final day of the Carnival season, the day that traditionally precedes forty days of fasting in some religions. The words mean 'Fat Tuesday, referring not only to the day on which the celebration is always held, but also to the custom of eating up all the forbidden food before the fast.

Today, it is the city of New Orleans in Louisiana, USA, that holds one of the most famous Mardi Gras celebrations in the world. Mardi Gras was introduced to North America in March 1699 by a French Canadian explorer called Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville. Arriving on the eve of the festival at an area 90 kilometres south of what is now New Orleans, he organised the following day celebration on a plot of land he named Pointe du Mardi Gras. The custom soon caught on, and by the time New Orleans had been established by Bienville in 1718, Americans were celebrating their own version of Mardi Gras.

What makes the New Orleans event so special is its dazzling parades. Marching bands escort artistic carnival floats through streets lined with spectators wearing masks. These masks afforded the wearer a disguise which allowed him or her to mix with people of different classes.

As for the carnival floats, each one belongs to an organisation known as a 'krewe. The tradition of the 'krewe' began in 1856 when six young men from the nearby town of Mobile formed the 'Mistek Krewe of Comus. Not only does this group hold the distinction of being the first krewe, but it is also credited with parading the first float.

The second Mardi Gras krewe, the Twelfth Night Revelers was founded in 1870, and initiated another popular tradition, the Mardi Gras 'throws. These are small presents which are tossed to the crowd by the costumed float-riders. Mardi Gras was made official in New Orleans in 1875 when Governor Warmoth signed the Mardi Gras Act making Fat Tuesday a public holiday in Louisiana.

1 The first Mardi Gras was celebrated in North America when Bienville

A crossed the Canadian border.

B founded New Orleans.

C reached Pointe du Mardi Gras.

D landed on the coast of Louisiana.

2. Festival-goers started wearing masks at Mardi Gras because

A they were an obligatory part of the costume.

B they were made legal for the day.

C they were handed out by the float-riders.

D they hid a person's true identity.

3. 1856 is the year in which

A the first krewe was formed in New Orleans.

B floats began to take part in the parades.

C a committee was voted to organise the festival.

D the town of Mobile held its first Mardi Gras.

4. The Twelfth Night Revelers was the first krewe to

A pay for a float.

B dress up in colourful outfits.

C hand out money during a parade.

D provide gifts for spectators.

5. Before 1875,

A schools and offices were open during Mardi Gras.

B tourists were not welcome at the celebrations.

C krewes didn't have to pay for their own floats.

D Mardi Gras was financed by the governor.

a.     Read a student's blog post about cultural norms and choose the best title for the blog post.

(Đọc bài đăng trên blog của học sinh về các chuẩn mực văn hóa và chọn tiêu đề phù hợp nhất cho bài đăng trên blog.)

1. Similar Cultural Norms from around the world

(Các chuẩn mực văn hóa tương tự trên khắp thế giới)

1. Interesting Cultural Norms

(Chuẩn mực văn hóa thú vị)

Hi, everyone! Vy from Ho Chi Minh city here, with a report to share. Today I learned some cool things in my university. We’re studying cultural norms and how they can be very different in other countries.

• Japan: In Japan, punctuality is really important. People often arrive early to show they have good manners. Japanese people usually bow instead of shaking hands, which is a bit different from Vietnam. Japanese people always take off their shoes and change into slippers when they enter a home. They keep slippers for guests, too, which I think is very kind. If you go to Japan, you should be careful when writing. It's taboo to use a red pen to write somebody's name because it is thought to be very unlucky.

• France: French people often arrive late for parties, which is pretty similar to things here in Vietnam, but it’s very different from Japanese culture. However, French culture does have some differences from Vietnamese culture. For example, French people often kiss on the cheek when meeting friends, which seems really strange to me! It's also rude to ask someone about their age or their family, which I find so surprising.

• India: In India, people always take off their shoes when they enter homes or temples, which is similar to Japan, Vietnam, and many other Asian countries. However, there is one thing which is very different. Indian people believe that the left hand is dirty because it is used for washing the feet and other parts of the body. So in India, it's taboo to use the left hand for eating, shaking hands, or passing things to other people. So that's what we've been studying in my university.

Where are you from? Is your culture similar to any of these?

Tạm dịch:

Chào mọi người! Vy từ TP.HCM tới đây và chia sẻ. Hôm nay tôi đã học được những điều tuyệt vời ở trường đại học của mình. Chúng tôi đang học về các chuẩn mực văn hóa và chúng có thể khác biệt như thế nào ở các quốc gia khác.

• Nhật Bản: Ở Nhật Bản, việc đúng giờ thực sự rất quan trọng. Mọi người thường đến sớm để thể hiện họ có cách cư xử tốt. Người Nhật thường cúi đầu thay vì bắt tay. có một chút khác biệt so với Việt Nam. Người Nhật luôn cởi giày và thay dép khi vào nhà. Họ còn giữ dép cho khách nữa, tôi thấy điều đó rất tử tế. Nếu bạn đến Nhật Bản, bạn nên cẩn thận khi viết. Việc dùng bút đỏ để viết tên người khác là điều cấm kỵ vì nó được cho là rất không may mắn.

• Pháp: Người Pháp thường đến muộn trong các bữa tiệc, điều này khá giống với Việt Nam nhưng lại rất khác với văn hóa Nhật Bản. Tuy nhiên, văn hóa Pháp có một số khác biệt so với văn hóa Việt Nam. Ví dụ, người Pháp thường hôn lên má khi gặp bạn bè, điều này đối với tôi thực sự rất lạ! Thật thô lỗ khi hỏi ai đó về tuổi tác hoặc gia đình của họ, điều này khiến tôi thấy rất ngạc nhiên.

• Ấn Độ: Ở Ấn Độ, người ta luôn cởi giày khi vào nhà hoặc vào chùa, tương tự như Nhật Bản, Việt Nam và nhiều nước châu Á khác. Tuy nhiên, có một điều rất khác biệt. Người Ấn Độ tin rằng tay trái bẩn vì nó được dùng để rửa chân và các bộ phận khác trên cơ thể. Vì vậy, ở Ấn Độ, việc sử dụng tay trái khi ăn uống, bắt tay hoặc đưa đồ vật cho người khác là điều cấm kỵ. Đó là những gì chúng tôi đã học ở trường đại học của tôi.

Bạn đến từ đâu? Văn hóa của bạn có giống với bất kỳ điều nào trong số này không?

b.     Now, read and answer the questions.

(Bây giờ, đọc và trả lời câu hỏi)

1. In which country is it very important to be on time?

(Ở quốc gia nào việc đúng giờ rất quan trọng?)

2. The word it in paragraph 2 refers to __________.

(Từ it ở đoạn 2 đề cập đến)

A somebody's name (Tên của ai đó)

B. a red pen (bút đỏ)

C. writing names with a red pen (viết tên bằng bút đỏ)

3. What shouldn't be done with the left hand in India?

  (Ở Ấn Độ không nên làm gì với tay trái?)

4. According to the passage, all of the following are true EXCEPT ___.

(Theo đoạn văn, tất cả những điều sau đây đều đúng NGOẠI TRỪ ___.)

A. Japanese and Indian people take off their shoes before entering the home.

(Người Nhật và người Ấn Độ cởi giày trước khi vào nhà.)

B. The left hand is considered dirty in India.

(Tay trái bị coi là bẩn ở Ấn Độ.)

C. French and Japanese people always arrive on time for meetings.

(Người Pháp và người Nhật luôn đến đúng giờ trong các cuộc họp.)

5. Which of the following can be inferred about the writer of the blog?

(Điều nào sau đây có thể được suy ra về người viết blog?)

A. She doesn't like French culture.

(Cô ấy không thích văn hóa Pháp.)

B. She's familiar with Vietnamese culture.

(Cô ấy quen thuộc với văn hóa Việt Nam.)

C. She wouldn't like living in India.

(Cô ấy không thích sống ở Ấn Độ.)

c. Listen and read.

(Nghe và đọc)

a.     Read the list of dos and don'ts about cultural differences in different European countries. What is it mainly about?

(Đọc danh sách những điều nên và không nên làm về sự khác biệt văn hóa ở các nước Châu Âu khác nhau. Nó chủ yếu nói về cái gì?)

1. What tourists should know before visiting Europe

(Những điều du khách nên biết trước khi ghé thăm Châu Âu)

      2. What you should never do in Europe 

(Những điều bạn không bao giờ nên làm ở Châu Âu)

Hey, everyone! It’s Binh here! I spent the summer in Europe. I'm back with a blog about the things I learned there.

1. DO bring money to use toilets in France.

In Vietnam, sometimes we have to pay to use a toilet at a bus stop on the highway. In many European countries, you can expect to pay to use the toilet in restaurants or coffee shops. Make sure you have change if you need to use public toilets.

2. DO finish your food in Italian restaurants.

Italian people are proud of their cuisine. However, when I was in Italy, sometimes I couldn't finish my food. The waiter often asked if there was a problem. I learned that in Italy, you should show the chef you enjoyed the meal by finishing it.

3. DO be on time in England.

English people are almost always on time. In Vietnam, it’s normal to be late if you're meeting a friend for coffee. However, it's rude to do this in England. Make sure you're on time.

4. DON'T stretch or yawn in public in Spain.

People in Spain find it disgusting to stretch and yawn in public. I love to do both after a delicious meal. However, if you visit Spain. be polite and avoid doing this.

5. DON'T put your hands in your pockets in Germany.

People in Germany don't like to see hands in pockets when talking to someone. It’s rude to them and they think it means you're a very lazy person. Try to keep your hands by your side, like you're a business person attending an important meeting.

So, there you go. People in Europe do things very differently. Do you know any other differences? Write a comment and let me know!

Binh Nguyen

August 27th, 2023

Tạm dịch:

Nè mọi người! Bình đây! Tôi đã trải qua mùa hè ở châu Âu. Tôi đã trở lại với một blog về những điều tôi đã học được ở đó.

1. NÊN mang tiền khi sử dụng nhà vệ sinh ở Pháp. Ở Việt Nam, đôi khi chúng ta phải trả tiền để sử dụng nhà vệ sinh ở trạm xe buýt trên đường cao tốc. Ở nhiều nước châu Âu, bạn có thể phải trả tiền để sử dụng nhà vệ sinh trong nhà hàng hoặc quán cà phê. Hãy chắc chắn rằng bạn có tiền lẻ nếu cần sử dụng nhà vệ sinh công cộng.

2. NÊN ăn hết bữa ăn của bạn ở nhà hàng Ý. Người Ý tự hào về ẩm thực của họ. Tuy nhiên, khi tôi ở Ý đôi khi tôi không thể ăn hết thức ăn của mình. Người phục vụ thường hỏi có vấn đề gì không. Tôi đã học được điều đó ở Ý, bạn nên cho đầu bếp thấy bạn thích bữa ăn bằng cách kết thúc nó.

3. NÊN đến Anh đúng giờ. Người Anh hầu như luôn đúng giờ. Ở Việt Nam. việc đến muộn là điều bình thường nếu bạn đi uống cà phê với một người bạn. Tuy nhiên, thật thô lỗ khi làm điều này ở Anh. Hãy chắc chắn rằng bạn đến đúng giờ.

4. KHÔNG duỗi người hoặc ngáp ở nơi công cộng ở Tây Ban Nha. Người dân Tây Ban Nha cảm thấy việc vươn vai và ngáp ở nơi công cộng thật kinh tởm. Tôi thích làm cả hai việc sau một bữa ăn ngon. Tuy nhiên, nếu bạn đến thăm Tây Ban Nha. hãy lịch sự và tránh làm điều này.

5. ĐỪNG đút tay vào túi ở Đức. Người dân ở Đức không thích nhìn thấy tay đút túi khi nói chuyện với ai đó. Điều đó thật thô lỗ với họ và họ nghĩ điều đó có nghĩa là bạn là một người rất lười biếng. Cố gắng giữ tay bên cạnh bạn, giống như bạn là một doanh nhân đang tham dự một cuộc họp quan trọng.

Vì vậy, bạn thấy đấy. Người dân ở châu Âu làm mọi việc rất khác nhau. Bạn có biết sự khác biệt nào khác không? Viết bình luận và cho tôi biết!

Bình Nguyên

Ngày 27 tháng 8 năm 2023

b.     Match the bold words in the text with their definitions.

(Nối những từ in đậm trong văn bản với định nghĩa của chúng.)

   1.  _: very unpleasant, causing a strong feeling of dislike      
   2.   _  : open your mouth wide and breathe in deeply through it
   3.   _  : a small amount of money

   4.  _   : think that something will happen

   5.  _   :  a style of cooking

c. Now, read and choose the correct answers.

(Bây giờ, đọc và chọn đáp án đúng)

   1. According to the passage, all of the following are true EXCEPT_________ .

(Theo đoạn văn, tất cả những điều sau đây đều đúng NGOẠI TRỪ) 

A. you can stop at a coffee shop to use the toilet.

(bạn có thể dừng lại ở quán cà phê để sử dụng nhà vệ sinh)    

B. you need to pay to use public toilets             

(bạn cần trả tiền để sử dụng nhà vệ sinh công cộng)

C. you need to buy a drink to use public toilets.   

(bạn cần mua đồ uống để sử dụng nhà vệ sinh công cộng)                         

   2. Which of the following can be inferred about eating in Italy?

(Điều nào sau đây có thể được suy ra về việc ăn uống ở Ý?)

     A. Waiters often ask many questions.

(Người phục vụ thường hỏi nhiều câu hỏi.)

B. Chefs like to see you eat all of your food.

     (Đầu bếp thích nhìn bạn ăn hết đồ ăn của mình.)

C. Italians like large meals.                              

(Người Ý thích những bữa ăn thịnh soạn.)

   3. According to paragraph 4. English people are ______  .

(Theo đoạn 4, người Anh là)

     A. never late for meetings (không bao giờ trễ họp)  

B. always polite to strangers (luôn lịch sự với người lạ)

C. on time most of the time (đúng giờ hầu hết thời gian)

   4. The word them in paragraph 6 refers to _________.

(Từ them ở đoạn 6 đề cập đến)

A. hands (tay)                            

B. German people (người Đức)         

C. someone (ai đó)

   5. Which is NOT mentioned as one of the reasons you shouldn't put you hands in your pockets in Germany?

(Điều nào KHÔNG được đề cập là một trong những lý do bạn không nên đút tay vào túi ở Đức?)    

A.    rude. (thô lỗ. )                          

B. It means you're lazy. (Nó có nghĩa là bạn lười biếng. )          

C. It's unprofessional. (Nó không chuyên nghiệp.)

d. Listen and read.

(Nghe và đọc)