Choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D to fill in each blank to complete the passage.

There are about 1.3 million Khmer people living in the southern provinces of Soc Trang, Tra Vinh, and Can Tho. They earn a living by farming, (1) ___________ and producing handicraft products. The Khmer live harmoniously with other ethnic (2) __________ in the Mekong Delta, while keeping their unique culture and lifestyle.

The Khmer are Buddhists. There is a temple in every village. The temples are not only places for the Khmer to practise (3) ______ religion. They are the village schools too. At the age of 12, Khmer boys come to live and study in a temple for several years before they become adults. There, they learn about Buddhism, and to read and write the Khmer (4) ________. They also learn how to behave towards their grandparents, parents, teachers, old people, and others in their (5) ___________. They learn basic knowledge of their traditional culture - folk tales, songs, and dances.

Why more and more Mongolian move to Ulaanbaatar?

How often most nomads move their locations?

Where do Mongolian nomads often move to in fall?

Why do Mongolian have to move location throughout the year?

What are the most valuable possessions of Mongolian nomads?

They also learn how to behave towards their grandparents, parents, teachers, old people, and others in their (5) ___________. 

There, they learn about Buddhism, and to read and write the Khmer (4) ________.

The temples are not only places for the Khmer to practise (3) ______ religion. 

The Khmer live harmoniously with other ethnic (2) __________ in the Mekong Delta, while keeping their unique culture and lifestyle.

They earn a living by farming, (1) ___________ and producing handicraft products.

I'm from the Tay ethnic group.

(Tôi là người dân tộc Tày.)

1. Listen and read.

(Nghe và đọc.)

Tom: Hi, I’m Tom. You look new here.

Lai: I am. I'm Lai from Ha Giang.

Tom: Oh, I’ve heard about beautiful Ha Giang. Do you live in the mountains?

Lai: Yes, I do. I’m from the Tay ethnic group. We are the second largest ethnic group in Viet Nam, only after the Kinh.

Tom: Oh ... I once saw a bamboo house on high posts in a travelbrochure. Do you live in a home like that?

Lai: Yes, we call it a “stilt house”. Our house overlooks terraced fields.

Tom: Awesome. What is life in your village like?

Lai: It’s peaceful. There are 16 houses in my village. We live very close to nature.

Tom: I love it. Can you tell me something about your culture?

Lai: Certainly. We have our own culture. You can see it in our folk dances, musical instruments like the dan tinh, and our special five-colour sticky rice.

Tom: It sounds interesting. I hope to visit Ha Giang one day.

2. Read the conversation again and circle the correct answers.

(Đọc đoạn hội thoại một lần nữa và khoanh tròn các câu trả lời đúng.)

1. What are Tom and Lai talking about?

A. Minority groups in Viet Nam.

B. Ha Giang.

C. Life of the Tay people.

2. A “stilthouse” _______________.

A. is a multi-storey home

B. is on high posts

C. always faces a field

3. Lai mentions ___________ of the Tay people.

A. folk dances

B. popular festivals

C. costumes

2. Read the passage and tick (✓) T (True) or F (False).

(Đọc đoạn văn và đánh dấu (✓) T (Đúng) hoặc F (Sai).)

Stilt houses

Stilt houses are popular among different ethnic minority groups, from the Thai in the Northern Highlands to the Khmer in the Mekong Delta. The houses come in different sizes and styles, and show the traditional culture of their owners.

Stilt houses are made from natural materials like wood, bamboo, and leaves. They stand on strong posts, about two or three metres above the ground. This allows them to keep people safe from wild animals. People climb a seven- or nine-step staircase to enter the house. The most important place in the house is the kitchen. It has an open fire in the middle of the house. It is the place for family gatherings and receiving guests.

The stilt houses of the Tay and Nung usually overlook a field. The stilt houses of the Thai, however, face mountains or a forest. The Bahnar and Ede have a communal house (called a Rong house) as the heart of their village. These communal houses are the largest and tallest ones in the village.

1. Only a few minority groups live in stilt houses.

2. All stilt houses look alike.

3. Family gatherings take place by the open fire in the middle of the house.

4. The Rong house serves as the center of an Ede village.

3. Read the passage again and fill in each blank with ONE word.

(Đọc đoạn văn một lần nữa và điền vào mỗi chỗ trống với MỘT từ.)

1. A stilt house shows the _____ culture of the owner.

2. The Tay’s and Nung’s stilt houses overlook a _____.

3. The Thai's stilt houses overlook a _____ or _____.

4. The largest and tallest house in an Ede village is the _____ house.

a. Read the article about the Chăm people. What's the main topic of the article?

(Đọc bài viết về người Chăm. Chủ đề chính của bài viết là gì?)

1. Chăm family traditions    

(Truyền thống gia đình của người Chăm.)

2. Chăm traditional clothes and crafts

(Quần áo và hàng thủ công truyền thống của người Chăm.)

The Cham are an (1)                        group in Vietnam. Their population is about 180,000 people (2019). They mainly live in Central and Southern Vietnam, in provinces such as Ninh Thuan and An Giang.

The Chăm are very talented at making crafts. The Cham in Ninh Thuận are especially famous for their pottery products. They make everything by hand. The Cham women make pottery, and the men help them by collecting wood.

The Cham in An Giang, on the other hand, make beautiful cloth. The cloth has traditional patterns such as squares, clouds, flowers, etc. A special piece of cloth can take up to 15 days to make. An experienced Chăm woman can make enough cloth for one simple skirt each day.

The Cham wear simple but pretty clothesBoth men and women wear long skirts with shirts. In Central Vietnam, Chăm men wear white headscarves. The women wear long shirts, similar to áo dài, and belts over their shoulders and across their bodiesIn Southern Vietnam, Cham men wear hats instead of scarves, and the women cover their hair with long scarves.

(Người Chăm là một (1) nhóm ở Việt Nam. Dân số của họ là khoảng 180.000 người (2019). Họ chủ yếu sinh sống ở miền Trung và miền Nam Việt Nam, ở các tỉnh như Ninh Thuận, An Giang.

Người Chăm rất giỏi làm đồ thủ công. Người Chăm ở Ninh Thuận đặc biệt nổi tiếng với các sản phẩm gốm. Họ làm mọi thứ bằng tay. Phụ nữ Chăm làm đồ gốm, còn đàn ông giúp họ thu nhặt củi.

Ngược lại, người Chăm ở An Giang may vải rất đẹp. Vải có các hoa văn truyền thống như ô vuông, mây, hoa… Một mảnh vải đặc biệt có thể mất tới 15 ngày để làm. Một phụ nữ Chăm có kinh nghiệm có thể may đủ vải cho một chiếc váy đơn giản mỗi ngày.

Người Chăm mặc quần áo đơn giản mà đẹp Nam nữ đều mặc váy dài với áo sơ mi. Ở miền Trung Việt Nam, đàn ông Chăm đội khăn trùm đầu màu trắng. Phụ nữ mặc áo dài, tương tự như áo dài, thắt lưng qua vai và ngang người Ở Nam Bộ, đàn ông Chăm đội mũ thay khăn, còn phụ nữ thì vấn tóc bằng khăn dài.)

b. Read and circle the answer that best fits the numbered blank.

(Đọc và khoanh tròn câu trả lời phù hợp nhất với chỗ trống được đánh số.)

1. A. embroidery                     B. ethnic                      C. silver

    (thêu)                                  (dân tộc)                     (bạc)

Now, read and fill in the blanks.

(Bây giờ, hãy đọc và điền vào chỗ trống.)

2. Most of the Chăm people live in                           and                    Vietnam.

3. The Cham in Ninh Thuan make beautiful                           by hand.

4. Some common patterns on Chăm cloth are                 ,                , and                   ,

5. Both Cham men and women wear               and shirts          

6. The Cham women in               wear long scarves and don't show their hair.

a. Read Lan's passage and choose the best topic sentence

(Đọc đoạn văn của Lan và chọn câu chủ đề đúng nhất.)

1. Jun Village is one of the most beautiful places in Vietnam.

(Làng Jun là một trong những nơi đẹp nhất Việt Nam.)

 2. I had an exciting trip to Jun Village.

(Tôi đã có một chuyến đi thú vị đến Jun Village.)

                                                                                          . It's an old village by Lák Lake in Đắk Lắk Province. My family and I visited this village last summer

There are some hotels in Jun Village, but we decided to stay in a homestay with a M'Nông family. We joined lots of fun activities. We went boating on Lák lake. I think it's one of the most beautiful lakes in Vietnam. We also visited a M'Nông traditional stilt house and watched a gong performance there. It was really interesting to listen to the sound of gongs and do a folk dance with local people. My family and I ate many kinds of traditional food like com lam, grilled chicken, and lẩu cá lăng. They were delicious! We also learned how M'Nong people make their traditional cloth and baskets. Our trip to Jun was very exciting. I think you should spend your vacation in this beautiful village.

(Đó là một ngôi làng cổ bên hồ Lák, tỉnh Đắk Lắk. Gia đình tôi và tôi đã đến thăm ngôi làng này vào mùa hè năm ngoái

Ở buôn Jun có một số khách sạn nhưng chúng tôi quyết định ở homestay với một gia đình người M'Nông. Chúng tôi đã tham gia rất nhiều hoạt động vui vẻ. Chúng tôi chèo thuyền trên hồ Lák. Tôi nghĩ đó là một trong những hồ đẹp nhất ở Việt Nam. Chúng tôi cũng đến thăm một ngôi nhà sàn truyền thống của người M'Nông và xem biểu diễn cồng chiêng ở đó. Thật thú vị khi được nghe tiếng cồng chiêng và nhảy dân vũ với người dân địa phương. Gia đình tôi và tôi đã ăn nhiều món ăn truyền thống như cơm lam, gà nướng và lẩu cá lăng. Chúng thật ngon! Chúng tôi cũng đã học cách người M'Nông làm vải và giỏ truyền thống của họ. Chuyến đi đến Jun của chúng tôi rất thú vị. Tôi nghĩ bạn nên dành kỳ nghỉ của mình ở ngôi làng xinh đẹp này.)

b. Now, read and answer the questions.

(Bây giờ, hãy đọc và trả lời các câu hỏi.)

Read about the festival. Write one word for each blank.

(Đọc về lễ hội. Viết một từ cho mỗi chỗ trống.)

The Thái

The Thái are an ethnic group (0)                 Northern Vietnam. They have their own writing and culture. They love singing and dancing and have a large collection of folk tales. They often build villages near rivers. Their main crops (1)                  rice and sticky rice. Thái women wear beautiful clothes, and they make their own cloth. Thái men are good (2)                 making wooden furniture and bamboo baskets.

The Thai have (3)                 special tradition to celebrate Tết. On the last day of the lunar year, all the women in a village wash their hair together in a small river. The men also wash their hair, (4)                  they do it in a different place. The Thai people believe that this will wash away all the bad luck of the old year. After everyone washes their hair, they have a small party at the river before going home to prepare (5)                 Tết.

Example:

(Ví dụ:)

0.in

5 Look at the pictures and read the title of the text. What do you think the text is about?

(Nhìn vào những bức tranh và đọc tiêu đề của văn bản. Em nghĩ văn bản nói về điều gì?)

6 Read the text. For questions (1-5), choose the correct options (A, B, Cor D). Listen and check.

(Đọc bài viết. Đối với câu hỏi (1-5), chọn các phương án đúng (A, B, Cor D). Nghe để kiểm tra.)

Vietnamese Customs

What should you do when you visit a different country? It's important to know their customs and you need to respect the local people. Read on to 1)                         about some customs in Vietnam.

Greetings

Most people greet each other by shaking hands or bowing their head slightly with a smile.

Eating and drinking

It's important to wait 2)           the oldest person at the table to start eating before you take a bite. This custom shows that the local people really respect the elderly. Also, never place your chopsticks standing straight up in your bowl of rice. It's extremely rude.

Giving and receiving gifts

It's 3)                to accept a gift, so you shouldn't refuse if someone offers you one. You should also ask the giver whether you can open a wrapped gift as soon as you receive it. If someone invites you to their home, you should 4)                a gift to the host, like food or fruit.

Body Language

Don't cross your 5)                  or stand with your hands on your hips. It is impolite in Việt Nam.

1 A find             B follow             C learn            D get

2 A on                B for                  C in                 D at

3 A rude             B impolite         C bad               D polite

4 A offer             B refuse             C accept           D open

5 A hips              B hands              C heads             D arms

2 Read the text and decide if the statements (1-5) are (right), W (wrong) or DS (doesn't say).

(Đọc văn bản và quyết định xem các câu (1-5) là R (đúng), W (sai) hay DS (không nói).)

1 Dragon Con began in the 1970s.

2 Dragon Con takes place in different cities each year.

3 Fewer people attend Dragon Con now than in the 1980s.

4 You can meet people in costumes at Dragon Con.

5 There are prizes for the best costumes in the cosplay parade.

3 Match the words in bold in the text to their synonyms below.

(Nối các từ in đậm trong văn bản với các từ đồng nghĩa dưới đây.)

best part              effects

directly               took part in

8 Read the text. For questions 1-5) choose the correct options (A, B, C or D).

Đọc văn bản. Đối với câu hỏi 1-5) chọn các phương án đúng (A, B, C hoặc D).

Kattenstoet Festival

Kattenstoet is a fun fesstival that takes 1)                   in Ypres, Belgium every three years on the second Sunday in May. It celebrates all the cats of Ypres. It 2)                    a long time ago when the town was famous for making wool. The town’s cats protected the wool from hungry mice. At Kattenstoet, people take part in a 3)                to make huge paper cats for a big parade. They can win a prize for the best cat. Some people 4)                      in interesting costumes and do street performances. At the end of the festival, people throw toy cats to the crowd. It’s a wonderful festival 5)                    everyone in Ypres has a great time!

1 A part           C place

   B action        D time.

2 A stars      C is starting

B started       D will start

3 A competition          C fair

   B show               D concert

4 A take part               C join

B dress up                D go

5 A before                C but

B although                 D and

1 Look at the pictures. Where do the people live? Listen and read to find out.

(Nhìn vào những bức tranh. Những người này sống ở đâu? Nghe và đọc để tìm hiểu.)

Ethnic groups in Việt Nam

There are many different ethnic groups with their own customs in Việt Nam. Let’s learn about two of these groups.

Ba Na people

Ba Na people are age ethnic group in the Central Highlands of Việt Nam. They live in stilt houses off the ground and they speak the Ba Na language. Their traditional clothes are in dark colours with white and red patterns. The Lúa Mới Festival (the New Rice Festival) is their most important festival. It takes place before the Lunar New Year and they pray for good weather for their crops.

H'Mông people

H’Mông people are large ethnic group in northern Việt Nam. Their villages are in the high mountains and they live in houses on the ground. They speak the H’Mông language. Different groups of H’Mông people wear different traditional clothes like black, white, green and many more colours. Their biggest festival is the Gầu Tào Festival. Gầu Tào means ‘playing outside’ in H’Mông language. This festival takes place in the twelfth lunar month and they pray for good health and happiness.

2 Read the texts and answer the questions (1-5). Write B (Ba Na) or H (HMông).

(Đọc văn bản và trả lời câu hỏi (1-5). Viết B (Ba Na) hoặc H (HMông).)

Which ethnic group

1 lives in the mountains in the north of Việt Nam?

2 builds their houses on the ground?

3 lives in houses standing off the ground?

4 doesn't have the same traditional clothes?

5 celebrates a festival praying for good weather?

2. Listen and read the dialogue. Answer the questions.

(Nghe và đọc đoạn đối thoại. Trả lời các câu hỏi.)

Tom:   I saw a TV special about Việt Nam’s diverse ethnic minority groups. It said they are about 15% of the population in Việt Nam.

Lan:    Yes, that’s right. Most of them live by traditional farming practices in mountainous areas.

Tom:   It said they are grouped by their language. So, is their language different from Vietnamese?

Lan:    Yes, that’s correct. Each group will have their own language.

Tom:   I see. I really like their traditional costumes.

Lan:    Right, they have very colourful costumes. They wear these to keep their ethnic identity. Their culture is also connected to the forests.

Tom:   That’s interesting. I didn’t realize Việt Nam had so much cultural diversity.

1. Where do ethnic minority groups in Việt Nam often live?

(Các dân tộc thiểu số ở Việt Nam thường sống ở đâu?)

2. What does Tom like about the ethnic minority groups?

(Tom thích điều gì về các nhóm dân tộc thiểu số?)

3. Study the highlighted words in the dialogue in Exercise 2. Complete the Vocabulary box below.

(Nghiên cứu những từ được đánh dấu trong đoạn hội thoại ở Bài tập 2. Hoàn thành ô Từ vựng bên dưới.)

2. Read the brochure about the Chăm people in Việt Nam. Check if you understand the highlighted words.

(Đọc tài liệu giới thiệu về người Chăm ở Việt Nam. Kiểm tra xem bạn có hiểu những từ được tô sáng không.)

6. Work in pairs. Student A reads Text 1 and student B reads Text 2 on page 102. Then ask and answer the questions.

(Làm việc theo cặp. Học sinh A đọc Văn bản 1 và học sinh B đọc Văn bản 2 ở trang 102. Sau đó hỏi và trả lời các câu hỏi.)

Text 1 - Thắng cố (Văn bản 1 - Thắng cố)

The H’mông people eat thắng cố. They make it from horse meat. They start by cleaning the horse meat. After that, they add many spices from the forest. Next, they stew it in a big pot for several hours. Finally, they eat it with chillies, pepper, and corn liquor.

(Người Mông ăn thắng cố. Họ làm nó từ thịt ngựa. Họ bắt đầu bằng việc làm sạch thịt ngựa. Sau đó, họ thêm nhiều loại gia vị từ rừng. Tiếp theo, họ hầm nó trong một cái nồi lớn trong vài giờ. Cuối cùng, họ ăn nó với ớt, hạt tiêu và rượu ngô.)

Questions to ask about Text 2 (Các câu hỏi về Văn bản 2)

1. Which ethnic group makes smoked buffalo meat? (Dân tộc nào làm thịt trâu hun khói?)

2. When do people eat smoked buffalo meat? (Người ta ăn thịt trâu hun khói khi nào?)

3. What do they eat with it? (Họ ăn gì với nó?)

4. How long are the strips of meat? (Các dải thịt dài bao nhiêu?)

5. What spices do they marinate with it? (Họ ướp gia vị gì?)

6. How many hours do they cook it on a stove? (Họ nấu nó trên bếp trong bao nhiêu giờ?)